How to calculate the effect of inflation

Inflation erodes purchasing power at a compounding rate. To see what a sum is really worth in future money, discount it by the inflation rate for each year that passes.

The rule

Real value = nominal amount ÷ (1 + inflation rate)^years

Do it automatically — Inflation calculator

Step by step

  1. 1Take the amount and the number of years.
  2. 2Pick an inflation assumption — the central bank target is a reasonable default.
  3. 3Divide by one plus the rate, compounded for each year, to see today's-money value.
  4. 4For salaries, compare your pay rise against inflation to see whether it is a real rise or a real cut.

What trips people up

  • Your personal inflation rate depends on your spending mix and can be well above the headline figure.
  • Cash savings below the inflation rate lose real value every year even while the balance grows.

Common questions

Is a 3% pay rise good?

Only if inflation is below 3% — otherwise it is a real-terms pay cut.

What beats inflation?

Historically, long-term investment in real assets; short-term, inflation-linked savings products.

Skip the maths

See how much purchasing power money keeps or loses over a chosen period.

Open the real value over time tool

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